diff --git a/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/application/service/CentralBankIssuanceQueryService.java b/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/application/service/CentralBankIssuanceQueryService.java
index 9adca4a..1edacbb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/application/service/CentralBankIssuanceQueryService.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/application/service/CentralBankIssuanceQueryService.java
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public class CentralBankIssuanceQueryService {
         this(receiptRepository, verificationRepository, signatureService, objectMapper, null);
     }
 
-    /** Compatibility constructor used by existing isolated query tests. */
+    /** 兼容现有独立查询测试使用的构造方法。 */
     public CentralBankIssuanceQueryService(CentralBankIssuanceReceiptRepository receiptRepository) {
         this(receiptRepository, new InMemoryVerificationRepository(), new BouncyCastleIssuanceSignatureService(), new ObjectMapper(), null);
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/domain/model/IssuanceAuditActor.java b/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/domain/model/IssuanceAuditActor.java
index d7a2ae0..ea8228a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/domain/model/IssuanceAuditActor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/com/yau/digitalrmb/issuance/domain/model/IssuanceAuditActor.java
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package com.yau.digitalrmb.issuance.domain.model;
 
 import java.util.Objects;
 
-/** The authenticated user responsible for an issuance operation. */
+/** 负责执行发行操作且已完成身份认证的用户。 */
 public final class IssuanceAuditActor {
     public static final IssuanceAuditActor SYSTEM = new IssuanceAuditActor("SYSTEM", "SYSTEM");